The buuilding blocks of whole electronics

Here’s a clear list of basic electronic components, along with their symbols (in text form) and main purposes:

Component	Symbol	Purpose
1. Resistor	▭ or `R`	Limits or controls current flow; drops voltage
2. Capacitor	‖ or `C`	Stores electrical energy; used in filtering, timing, and smoothing signals
3. Inductor	⎍ or `L`	Stores energy in a magnetic field; resists sudden current changes
4. Diode	→
5. Light Emitting Diode (LED)	→	>
6. Transistor (NPN/PNP)	⎍ or `Q`	Amplifies signals or acts as a switch; heart of digital circuits
7. Switch	━/ ━	Manually opens or closes a circuit
8. Battery	+‖−	Provides a fixed DC voltage source
9. Fuse	~	~
10. Transformer	ʘ—ʘ	Transfers energy between circuits; used for voltage step-up/down
11. Relay	Coil+Switch	Electrically controlled switch; used for isolation and control
12. Potentiometer (Variable Resistor)	↔▭	Adjusts resistance; used to control volume, brightness, etc.
13. Crystal Oscillator	┤	├
14. Integrated Circuit (IC)	▭▭	A whole circuit on a chip; contains many transistors, etc.
15. Photodiode/Phototransistor	→	● or →Q

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