🔧 Working of an Electric Motor – Brief Explanation:
An electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy using the principle of electromagnetism.
👉 Basic Working Principle:
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Electric current is passed through a coil of wire (called an armature) placed in a magnetic field (usually created by permanent magnets or electromagnets).
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According to Lorentz force law, a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field experiences a force.
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This force acts in such a way that the coil rotates.
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A commutator (in DC motors) or AC supply (in AC motors) helps maintain continuous rotation in the same direction.
⚙️ Main Parts of a Simple Motor:
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Armature (coil) – where current flows.
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Magnets – provide the magnetic field.
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Commutator – reverses current direction to maintain rotation.
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Brushes – transfer current from power supply to armature.
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Shaft – rotates to deliver mechanical output.
⚡ Uses of Electric Motors:
🏠 Home Appliances:
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Fans
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Mixers and grinders
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Washing machines
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Air conditioners
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Refrigerators
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Vacuum cleaners
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Hair dryers
🏢 Industrial:
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Conveyor belts
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Drilling machines
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Pumps
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Elevators and escalators
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Robotics
🚗 Transport:
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Electric cars
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Electric trains
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Electric bikes and scooters
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Metro systems
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Ships (using large marine motors)
🏗️ Construction and Tools:
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Power tools (drills, saws)
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Cranes and hoists
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Cement mixers
🖥️ Electronics and Gadgets:
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Computer fans and hard drives
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CD/DVD players
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Printers
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Drones and remote-controlled toys
🌾 Agriculture:
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Water pumps
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Crop harvesters
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Electric tractors (emerging tech)
⚡ Power Systems:
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Generators (motors in reverse)
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Wind turbines (use motors for pitch control)
🌟 Summary:
An electric motor turns electricity into motion, and it is one of the most used inventions in daily life—from your ceiling fan to an electric car.