ADVT: SMART DOORBELL IN AMAZON
We know, water flows from a reservoir down to the sea through its path as a river. In an electrical circuit, a battery is the reservoir of negatively charged electrons. There is a surplus of electrons in the negative end and there is a want of electrons on the positive side. Hence the electrons want to flow back to the battery (from negative to positive through a wire). Here, the electrons circulate. Hence the name 'electrical circuit'. Even though the electrons flow from the negative end to the positive end, the conventional current is taken to flow from positive to negative. Since the electrons are negatively charged.
Let us now come to its working. The current - electrons start from negative; it immediately encounters an obstacle called resistance R1; the electrons can not cross the resistance easily, so pressure builds up; we say a voltage develops across the resistance R1. Somehow, some current manage to pass through the resistance according to ohm's law "current = Battery voltage/resistance". [It is like a river encountering the dam, water pressure increases because of the dam-wall. Once the water touches the brim of the dam, some water overflows it]. When the current reaches the junction J1, it sees two paths with resistors. It split itself and flows in two paths according to the resistances in the paths. At the junction J2, the split current joins up and flows back to the battery. The flow of current persists as long as there is power in the battery. The resistors have voltage across them, so they act as secondary sources of electrical current. Using resistors, we can manipulate current and voltage in a circuit and tap them according to our needs. Instead of resistors, we can connect 'loads' like LEd lamp, motor, and other electrical elements and make the circuit more functional. A circuit is live and functional as long as electrons run in it.
Let us now come to its working. The current - electrons start from negative; it immediately encounters an obstacle called resistance R1; the electrons can not cross the resistance easily, so pressure builds up; we say a voltage develops across the resistance R1. Somehow, some current manage to pass through the resistance according to ohm's law "current = Battery voltage/resistance". [It is like a river encountering the dam, water pressure increases because of the dam-wall. Once the water touches the brim of the dam, some water overflows it]. When the current reaches the junction J1, it sees two paths with resistors. It split itself and flows in two paths according to the resistances in the paths. At the junction J2, the split current joins up and flows back to the battery. The flow of current persists as long as there is power in the battery. The resistors have voltage across them, so they act as secondary sources of electrical current. Using resistors, we can manipulate current and voltage in a circuit and tap them according to our needs. Instead of resistors, we can connect 'loads' like LEd lamp, motor, and other electrical elements and make the circuit more functional. A circuit is live and functional as long as electrons run in it.
W hen the current flows through the resistor, it heats up.
When the current flows through the coil, a magnetic attraction develops.
when the current flows through a capacitor, it stores up electricity for some time.
when the current passes through LED, it lights up.
Hence useful electrical circuits can be constructed using the above elements.
Comments
Post a Comment