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HOW THE NATURAL LAWS WORK?

     


      A is proportional B.  C is inversely proportional to square of D.  This kind of laws are common in physics.  If one quantity depends on another, there must be some number bridge connecting both .

 That is;
A "is proportional to" B
     How to make to A "is equal to" B
    Here we put a "constant" K , A fixed value, a unchanging number between them.
    A=K*B
If we find K, the problem is solved.  We get a accurate relationship between A and B.

     One way to get K is; K = A/B
Make number of trials (experiments), find A  and B for each trial; divide them and get the average value of K.  The "K" will be mostly correct, if the law holds good.
Another way, if B is equal one, then K will be equal to A.
 Third way, you can find K using trial and error method.  That is 'guessing'. 

  Let us go for some examples . Draw a circle.  Let it grow.  As the circumference C grows, its diameter 2 r  also grows.  Let r be its radius. Now we can write
C is proportional to 2r
or
C= K.2r
K = C/2r=22/7=3.14....=pi

    Here the "constant of proportionality" is pi=3.14... It is found using many trial and error methods down the ages.  A circle having circumference of 22 units, has approximately 7 units of diameter.  Here the constant is not sharp and accurate.  It is an irrational number.  A never ending number.  People still find the digits of pi using super computers.

     Newtons second laws says that force is proportional to the product of mass and acceleration.  Here the constant of proportionality is just 'one'.  Hence we can write,
F=ma

     Another Newton's law says that gravitational force between planets is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
So, F=G m1 m2/d^2
    Here G is constant.  If m1,m2,d all are equal to unity, then F=G.  That is, gravitational force between two bodies each weighing one kg and separated by a distance of one meter is the constant G.  That force will be very weak and feeble.  But Cavendish successfully measured G using carefully designed experiment, G = 6.74*10^-11.

     Energy of electromagnetic wave is proportional to its frequency.
E= h*freq ; h = 6.626*10^-34.
Here the constant is Planck's constant h and it is discovered by Max Planck.  It is an highly important constant in physics.

      The famous Ohm's law states that current is proportional to voltage.  Here the constant is the simply the 'Resistance '(R) in the path of current.
    V= RI

     The constant occupies even our cosmos.  We know our universe is expanding rapidly.  The speed at which the galaxy is moving is governed by Hubble's constant.
    Try to frame your own law and find the constant. 
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