TALKING ABOUT TOILET

The Loo is a taboo subject. But, do you know, the invention of flush toilet and mass sanitation has increased the Average person's life span by 20 years.
Why open defecating is strongly discouraged? It is because faeces are hot beds of disease. Just 1 gm of faeces can contain 10 million viruses, 1 million bacteria and 100 worm eggs. It mainly causes cholera and diarrhea. Even today, four out of two people only have access to toilets of any kind.

There are many kinds of toilets.
FLUSH TOILET

It is common and popular one in India. The 'night soil' is flushed out by stream of water. Below the seat of the toiler, water carrying tube is shaped like U. Hence, some water always stands in it. It act like water seal and stop the return of human waste and odor.
VACUUM TOILET
In train and airplane this toilet is used. It is difficult to use fluid water in fast moving train or flying plane. The waste is sucked up by the vacuum and only little water is required.
MOBILE TOILET or CHEMICAL TOILET
The portable toilet is used on construction sites, film locations and large outdoor gatherings where there are no other facilities. Here chemicals are used to reduce odor and kill bacteria and viruses.
PUBLIC TOILET
One cannot even mention the word public-toilet. But some countries and some organisations made public toilet adorable without odors. But heavy populations is a big problem.
HIGH TECH TOILET
They include features like
1. Automatic flushing mechanisms
2. Water jets
3. Blow dryers
4. Urine and stool analysis
5. Checking of blood pressure
temperature and blood sugar
6. Heated seats, Deodorizing fans.
So tech have even infiltrated into the Loo.
SPACE TOILET
Ejecting the contents of toilet into space in dangerous. The jettisoned waste travel at 10 km per second. If it hit a space-walking astronaut, it will create a dent of 1 mm deep in his space suit. Hence all solid waste is stored and returned to earth. But urine on the international space station is recycled into drinking water. It saves the transporting cost of water which is 40000 dollars per gallon. Hence the costliest toilet is in the space.
In 2007, British medical journal readers voted sanitation the biggest medical break through in the last two centuries.
Hygienic toilet for everyone and everywhere is the need of the day.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Comments

THE EARTH, A SUPER ORGANISM

JOIN MY COURSE: "Become a programmer in a day with python" A man called 'love lock' (what a name) proposed a theory called Gaia theory, named after Greek Goddess. It says, "Earth is a self-regulating organism like a human being. The organic life in it interacts with in-organic matter and maintains atmosphere, temperature and environment". Hence the earth is still suitable for the life to thrive. Imagine, in a particular place, there are lot of flowers. Some flowers are white and some are darkly coloured. We know, white reflects light and heat while dark absorbs the same. White flowers can thrive in hot climate. But dark flowers requires cold climate. The absorption and reflection balances and the environment reaches average, warm temperature at which both the flowers can co-exist. This is the essence of "Gaia" theory. On our earth, ...

THE PARABOLA

A jet of water shooting from a hose pipe will follow a parabolic path. What is the so special about parabola. Y= x^2 Draw a graph for the above equation. It will result in a parabola. This parabola is also called unit parabola. Any equation involving square will yield a parabola. Example: Y = 2x^2 +3x+3 (also called quadratic equation) X= 2 and -2, both satisfies the equation 4 = X^2. Parabolic equations always have two solutions. Any motion taking place freely under gravity follows parabolic path. Examples: An object dropped from a moving train, A bomb dropped from flying plane, A ball kicked upwards. If a beam of light rays fall on the parabolic shaped mirror, they will be reflected and brought to focus on a point. This fact is made use of in Dish Antenna, Telescope mirrors, etc. ...

DISORDER IS THE "ORDER OF THE DAY"

Imagine a balloon full of air. The air molecules are moving randomly inside the balloon. Let us pierce the balloon with a pin. The air rushes out. Why should not the air molecules stay inside the balloon safely and ignore the little hole? That is not the way the world works. The molecules always "want to occupy as many states as possible". Hence the air goes out in the open to occupy more volume. The things always goes into disorder (entropy) and the disorder increases with time. The above statement is what we call "second law of thermodynamics". Consider a cup of coffee on the table. Suppose the heat from entire room flows to your cup of coffee, the coffee will boil and the rest of the room will freeze. Freezing means bringing things to order and arrangement. It violates the second law. Hence it will never happen. Hence heat must flow from high ...

sciencecapsules

Search This Blog