Maths of Electricity

Imagine a point moving on a circular path.Also consider the diameter. Connect the moving point and the diameter by a line . As the point circles, the line grows and diminishes both in the upper and lower halves. Now cut the lower-half and shift it by the length of the diameter. You get a wave like form. We can understand, as the point rotates, it can effectively produce waves in suitable environment.

In Maths,waves can be represented by sine or cosine function.
y=sin x
As x changes from 0-360 degree or 0-2pi radian (a full circle), y values oscillates like a wave as shown in figure. Now the sine function can be modified to suit our needs.
y=A sin 2pi n t
A- Amplitude- Maximum height of wave.
n- Frequency of rotation.
t- instant of time.

Next, imagine a coil of wire rotating inside and perpendicular to a strong Magnetic field. The Faraday's laws and Maxwell;s equations tells us that a electric voltage and current will be established in the coil. That current will be in wave form. That is, it will be increasing,decreasing and direction changing. It is the Alternating Current(AC). Producing AC is easy and also commercially viable.
In large scale, Power generation,the rotations(of Coil or Magnet) can be caused by wind, water flow, steam, Diesel engine etc.
For generated electric voltage, equations can be written as,
v=V sin 2pi n t
v- voltage at the time t
V- maximum voltage
n- Frequency of rotations or Alternating current

That is the "power " of Maths.

Comments

THE EARTH, A SUPER ORGANISM

JOIN MY COURSE: "Become a programmer in a day with python" A man called 'love lock' (what a name) proposed a theory called Gaia theory, named after Greek Goddess. It says, "Earth is a self-regulating organism like a human being. The organic life in it interacts with in-organic matter and maintains atmosphere, temperature and environment". Hence the earth is still suitable for the life to thrive. Imagine, in a particular place, there are lot of flowers. Some flowers are white and some are darkly coloured. We know, white reflects light and heat while dark absorbs the same. White flowers can thrive in hot climate. But dark flowers requires cold climate. The absorption and reflection balances and the environment reaches average, warm temperature at which both the flowers can co-exist. This is the essence of "Gaia" theory. On our earth, ...

DISORDER IS THE "ORDER OF THE DAY"

Imagine a balloon full of air. The air molecules are moving randomly inside the balloon. Let us pierce the balloon with a pin. The air rushes out. Why should not the air molecules stay inside the balloon safely and ignore the little hole? That is not the way the world works. The molecules always "want to occupy as many states as possible". Hence the air goes out in the open to occupy more volume. The things always goes into disorder (entropy) and the disorder increases with time. The above statement is what we call "second law of thermodynamics". Consider a cup of coffee on the table. Suppose the heat from entire room flows to your cup of coffee, the coffee will boil and the rest of the room will freeze. Freezing means bringing things to order and arrangement. It violates the second law. Hence it will never happen. Hence heat must flow from high ...

CASINO'S GAME

Let us find out how the casino survives with mathematics. Say, your friend invite you for a game of dice. You must bet (wager) 2 dollars. If you roll 'six' you will get back 8 dollars. The game will go on for 30 rounds. All sounds good. The probability of rolling 'six' is 1/6. Since the game will be played for 30 times, the 'expected win' is 30*1/6 = 5. That is, you are expected to win 5 rounds out of 30. Hence your gain will be 5 * 8 =40 dollars. ok. This also implies that you will loose 25 rounds. Hence your loss will be 25*2 =50 dollars. Your net gain will be gain-less = 40-50 = -10 dollars. For 30 rounds, the loss is -10 dollars, Hence, for one round =-10/30 = -1/3 dollars. There will be a loss of -1/3 or 0.33 dollars per round. It is not a fair game. Let us make a simple formula to calculate 'Pa...

sciencecapsules

Search This Blog