LIGHT - THE PERPETUAL MOTION

To understand light, first we should understand maxwell's equations. There are four equations. I have given them in words form below.

1. Single positive and negative electric charges exist. The electric field flowing out from a charge is always proportional to the quantity of the charge.

2, There is no single magnetic pole. only magnetic dipole exist (north and south). The magnetic field lines starting at any point around the North pole will always loop back and ends in south pole. Hence the total field diverging out from a magnetic dipole is zero.

3. A changing electric field creates changing magnetic field which encircles the electric field and also acts perpendicular to it.

4. A changing magnetic field creates changing electric field which encircles the magnetic field and also acts perpendicular to it.

If the statement 3 happens, the statement 4 will follow and vice versa. Consequently a wave called electromagnetic wave will arise. The light is a form electromagnetic wave.

When a ray of light is emitted from a source, it will continue to travel for ever, yes for ever. Source of light (LED,Sun) does not contribute to the motion. It is a self sustaining motion as stated by Maxwell,s third and fourth law. For a bullet, the speed and energy is given by the gun. A bow is responsible for the arrow's motion. But the lamp is not responsible for the light's motion.

We know, star light travel through universe for millions of years. So far, No one has seen a light ray coming to a screeching halt.

Hence the light's motion is a perpetual motion.

Comments

LISSAJOUS FIGURES

Definition: "When a particle is subjected to two sine wave motion or two oscillatory motion at right angles, the particle describes lissajous figures". We know sine wave motion and circular motion is basically same. Hence we draw two circles A and B perpendicular to each other. The circle B rotates twice faster than circle A. That is, frequency of circle B is two times than that of A. A particle at the intersection of two circles is subjected to two sine wave motion A and B at 90 degree simultaneously. The particle will describe figures depending on the frequency and phase of A and B . In our case, the ratio of frequency is 1:2 and the two waves are in phase. To draw lissajous figures : A moving point in both the circles are chosen. Here we should remember; during the time taken by the circle A to complete one rotation, circle B completes two. Hence the points are marked on the circles according to their speed. Then straight lines

THE PARABOLA

A jet of water shooting from a hose pipe will follow a parabolic path. What is the so special about parabola. Y= x^2 Draw a graph for the above equation. It will result in a parabola. This parabola is also called unit parabola. Any equation involving square will yield a parabola. Example: Y = 2x^2 +3x+3 (also called quadratic equation) X= 2 and -2, both satisfies the equation 4 = X^2. Parabolic equations always have two solutions. Any motion taking place freely under gravity follows parabolic path. Examples: An object dropped from a moving train, A bomb dropped from flying plane, A ball kicked upwards. If a beam of light rays fall on the parabolic shaped mirror, they will be reflected and brought to focus on a point. This fact is made use of in Dish Antenna, Telescope mirrors, etc. Inverted parabola shape is used in the construction of buildings and bridges. Because the shape is able to bear more weight. A plane

CASINO'S GAME

Let us find out how the casino survives with mathematics. Say, your friend invite you for a game of dice. You must bet (wager) 2 dollars. If you roll 'six' you will get back 8 dollars. The game will go on for 30 rounds. All sounds good. The probability of rolling 'six' is 1/6. Since the game will be played for 30 times, the 'expected win' is 30*1/6 = 5. That is, you are expected to win 5 rounds out of 30. Hence your gain will be 5 * 8 =40 dollars. ok. This also implies that you will loose 25 rounds. Hence your loss will be 25*2 =50 dollars. Your net gain will be gain-less = 40-50 = -10 dollars. For 30 rounds, the loss is -10 dollars, Hence, for one round =-10/30 = -1/3 dollars. There will be a loss of -1/3 or 0.33 dollars per round. It is not a fair game. Let us make a simple formula to calculate 'Pay out per round\. The probability for a win = p The pay-out in case of win = V No. of rounds = n The expect

sciencecapsules

Search This Blog