Skip to main content

CAN YOU COIN A REAL WORD?

 

   Just try to create a five letter word randomly,
tidkl,cewkx,dmwol,
vuptg,hvwjk,naqid
    The words are not only meaningless but also difficult to pronounce.

     Actually, how many five letter word you can make in English language.
26*26*26*26*26 =11881376 words.
because, there are 26 choices for each position.
     English has nearly 200000 words.  There may be 40000 real meaningful 5 letter words.
40000/11881376 = 0.003 or 0.3%
    If you or a computer generates five letter words randomly, there is only 0.3% chance for getting real words.
    You see, coining a real word or name is very difficult.  People want new names for new born child, medicine, fictional characters etc.  Let us try to get real new names.

     1. All English words has vowels.  Hence, add a vowel or two deliberately in each words.
Now, actot, verrs,aglgo...
    Some words can be pronounced.  A little improvement.
    2. The frequency of each letter in English language is known and given below.

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v s t u v w x y z

82 15 28 42 127 22 20 61 70 2 8 40 24 67 75 19 1 60 63 90 27 10 24 2 20 1


      That is, if a passage contain 1000 letters, 'a' is likely to appear 82 times; 'b' 15 times, z one time and so on.
    Imagine die or dice having 1000 faces.  'a' is engraved on 82 faces in it; b on 15 faces; z on only one face and so on.  Now roll the multifaceted die 5 times.  each time note down the letter that appears and coin a five letter word.  (This thought experiment can easily be simulated by a computer).  Now, we get these kind of words.
    elnao, segty, least, soyie, laarm
    More important.  Most can be pronounced.  Some are close to real life words.  Some success.
    3. A given letter is likely to followed by certain letters.  For example, 't' is mostly followed by 'h'.  'o' is followed by 'a'.
    For each of 26 letters, we can find highly probable following letter.(including space)
    Incorporating this idea in the computer algorithm, we get this result.
    "the cur the bund hof arytowno....
Now, we get not words but sentences -of course-nonsense.
    4. Give a sample passage to the computer.
     1. Computer select a letter randomly say 't'
     2. Using the passage, computer will find out the letter which is most likely to         follow 't'.  It is 'h' we know.
     3. Again using the same passage computer will pick up a letter which is most        likely to follow the pair "th" . It is 'e'
    4. Next, computer may find out the letter that will follow the three letter                    combine 'the'
    This process can be extended up to 4 letter or 5 letter combine.
    The entire algorithm can be repeated again and again to coin 5 letter words.  Here is the result.
    "ther was just in time it all seemed quite natural.

    Looks good.  Some day computer may write a poem or even a epic.  
----------------------------------------------------------------

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

LISSAJOUS FIGURES

  Definition:  "When a particle is subjected to two sine wave motion or two oscillatory motion at right angles, the particle describes lissajous figures".      We know sine wave motion and circular motion is basically same.  Hence we draw two circles A and B perpendicular to each other.  The circle B rotates twice faster than circle A.  That is, frequency of circle B is two times than that of A.        A particle at the intersection of two circles is subjected to two sine wave motion   A and B at 90 degree simultaneously.  The particle will describe figures depending on the frequency and phase of A and B .  In our case, the ratio of frequency is  1:2 and the two waves are in phase.        To draw lissajous figures :  A moving point in both the circles are chosen.   Here we should remember; during the time taken by the circle A to complete one rotation, circle B completes two.  Hence the points are marked on the circles according to their speed.  Then straight lines
Post a Comment
Read more

THE PARABOLA

          A jet of water shooting from a hose pipe will follow a parabolic path.  What is the so special about parabola.    Y= x^2 Draw a graph for the above equation.  It will result in a parabola.  This parabola is also called unit parabola.  Any equation involving square will yield a parabola. Example:  Y = 2x^2 +3x+3 (also called quadratic equation)    X= 2 and -2, both  satisfies the equation 4 = X^2.  Parabolic equations always have two solutions.     Any motion taking place freely under gravity follows parabolic path. Examples:   An object dropped from a moving train,   A bomb dropped from flying plane,  A ball kicked upwards.      If a beam of light rays fall on the parabolic shaped mirror, they will be reflected and brought to focus on a point.  This fact is made use of in Dish Antenna, Telescope mirrors, etc.      Inverted parabola shape is used in the construction of buildings and bridges.  Because the shape is able to bear more weight.      A plane
Post a Comment
Read more

CASINO'S GAME

           Let us find out how the casino survives with mathematics.      Say, your friend invite you for a game of dice.  You must bet (wager) 2 dollars.  If you roll 'six' you will get back 8 dollars.  The game will go on for 30 rounds.  All sounds good.      The probability of rolling 'six' is 1/6.  Since the game will be played for 30 times, the 'expected win' is 30*1/6 = 5.  That is, you are expected to win 5 rounds out of 30.  Hence your gain will be 5 * 8 =40 dollars.  ok.  This also implies that you will loose 25 rounds.  Hence your loss will be 25*2 =50 dollars.  Your net gain will be gain-less = 40-50 = -10 dollars. For 30 rounds, the loss is -10 dollars, Hence, for one round =-10/30 = -1/3 dollars.  There will be a loss of -1/3 or 0.33 dollars per round.  It is not a fair game.     Let us make a simple formula to calculate  'Pay out per round\. The probability for a win = p The pay-out in case of win = V No. of rounds = n The expect
4 comments
Read more